On January 22, we mark Treaty Day, commemorating the signing of the Treaty of Point Elliott 170 years ago in 1855. This treaty, a foundational document for the region, established the legal framework governing relationships between the United States and the signatory tribes, including the Swinomish, Lummi, Tulalip, and others whose ancestral lands we now share.

The Treaty of Point Elliott is not just a historical artifact; it remains a living document. Its commitments—to protect tribal sovereignty, fishing rights, and land—are legally binding to this day. Everyone who lives within the ancestral lands covered by the treaty is affected by its governance, whether they realize it or not. As such, understanding the treaty is essential for anyone seeking to engage thoughtfully and responsibly with the communities and history of this region.

Too often, treaties like Point Elliott are viewed as relics of the past, their relevance diminished in public consciousness. Yet, these agreements are the bedrock of tribal sovereignty and self-determination. They ensure tribes retain rights to fish, hunt, and gather in their traditional ways, and they affirm their status as sovereign nations within the United States. For non-Native residents, the treaty’s provisions shape our shared responsibilities to honor these agreements and respect the rights they enshrine.

Treaty Day is an opportunity for reflection and education. It’s a chance to learn about the history and significance of the treaty, the resilience of the tribes who negotiated and uphold it, and the ongoing challenges they face. It’s also a moment to recognize the shared stewardship of these lands and waters and to consider how we can contribute to a future that respects the promises made 170 years ago.

As we commemorate this day, let us honor the enduring significance of the Treaty of Point Elliott. Let us commit to learning about its history and implications, fostering a deeper understanding of the governance under which we all live. Together, we can build a more informed and respectful community, one that acknowledges and upholds the rights and responsibilities enshrined in this historic agreement.